04 6
文本
████ 重点词汇
████ 难点词汇
████ 生僻词
████ 词组 & 惯用语
[学习本文需要基础词汇量：
[本次分析采用基础词汇量：
Standing on the frozen sea, they endure
the full force of storms
Only by can they can
survive the winter months
They take it in turns to bear
the of the
They can only live here at all because
is surrounded
by the Great Southern Ocean and no land
predators have been able to reach it,
so unlike animals,
they're not threatened by
The sea is still frozen
But one seal, nonetheless,
manages to stay here,
even throughout the winter...
... the
, it's protected
from the storms above
But it must have access to the air
all year - in order to breathe
And they keep their breathing holes open
- with their teeth
Only by continually at the
ice can they maintain access to the air
But that means that their teeth
get badly worn down
Then they can no longer hunt
and eat effectively
die young
The continent of
is so isolated
and so high - almost five
thousand metres in places
- that it's considerably colder
than
slides slowly down from its centre
towards its rim in immense
During winter, the continent effectively
doubles in size as the sea freezes over
forms around its shores
and extends
for hundreds of miles around
the entire land mass
Under the sea-ice live small
shrimp-like creatures -
They have been here all winter
During these dark months, they feed by
from the ice
Remarkably, they also
shrink in size
and their
form to save energy
As the temperature
rises in spring,
the ice begins to melt and little air
within it are released
grow around these
bubbles and the now them,
gathering them up with
their beating legs
As the sun's rays grow stronger
and deeper into the water,
floating begin to
and leave
the ice and gather in
as they harvest this new crop
Far to the north, beyond the
blanket of sea ice,
have been
in the open ocean
The occasional gives
them the chance of a rest
- if they can get onto it
But at this time of year, where they
really want to be is on land
知识点
重点词汇
penetrate [ˈpenɪtreɪt] vi. 渗透；刺入；看透 vt. 渗透；穿透；洞察 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :5036}
appalling [əˈpɔ:lɪŋ] adj. 可怕的；令人震惊的 v. 使惊愕；惊吓（appal的ing形式） { :5249}
juvenile [ˈdʒu:vənaɪl] adj. 青少年的；幼稚的 n. 青少年；少年读物 {ky toefl ielts gre :5261}
scraping [ˈskreɪpɪŋ] n. 刮削下的碎屑；刮擦声；抹去 v. 刮，擦（scrape的现在分词） adj. 刮擦的；吝啬的 {toefl :5494}
flourish [ˈflʌrɪʃ] n. 兴旺；茂盛；挥舞；炫耀；华饰 vi. 繁荣，兴旺；茂盛；活跃；处于旺盛时期 vt. 夸耀；挥舞 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :5548}
revert [rɪˈvɜ:t] n. 恢复原状者 vt. 使回复原状 vi. 回复；重提；返祖遗传；归还 n. (Revert)人名；(西)雷韦特；(法)勒韦尔 {toefl gre :5938}
arctic ['ɑ:ktɪk] n. 北极圈；御寒防水套鞋 n. (Arctic)人名；(英)阿克蒂克 adj. 北极的；极寒的 {gk cet6 toefl ielts gre :6116}
polar [ˈpəʊlə(r)] n. 极面；极线 adj. 极地的；两极的；正好相反的 n. (Polar)人名；(德、西)波拉尔 {cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :6795}
graze [greɪz] n. 放牧；轻擦 vi. 吃草；擦伤 vt. 放牧；擦伤 {cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :7059}
huddling [ ] vi. 挤在一起（huddle的现在分词形式） { :7190}
glaciers [ɡ'læsɪəz] n. [地理][水文] 冰川（glacier的复数）；[地理][水文] 冰河 { :7875}
algae [ˈældʒi:] n. [植] 藻类；[植] 海藻 {toefl :8285}
outwards [ˈaʊtwədz] adv. 向外地 {cet4 cet6 :8555}
gales [ɡeilz] n. 大风( gale的名词复数 ); （突发的）一阵 { :8689}
swarms [swɔ:mz] n. 蜂群，一大群( swarm的名词复数 ) v. 密集( swarm的第三人称单数 ); 云集; 成群地移动; 蜜蜂或其他飞行昆虫成群地飞来飞去 { :8983}
underwater [ˌʌndəˈwɔ:tə(r)] n. 水下 adj. 在水中的；水面下的 adv. 在水下 {toefl :9111}
microscopic [ˌmaɪkrəˈskɒpɪk] adj. 微观的；用显微镜可见的 {cet6 toefl gre :9581}
iceberg [ˈaɪsbɜ:g] n. [地理] 冰山；显露部分 {toefl :9987}
penguins [ˈpeŋɡwinz] n. [鸟] 企鹅（penguin的复数） { :10209}
dwindling [ˈdwindlɪŋ] 减少 变小 退化 使减少（dwindle的现在分词） { :10733}
antarctic [ænt'ɑ:ktik] adj.南极的, 南极地带的 {gk cet6 ielts gre :10763}
难点词汇
Antarctica [æn'tɑ:ktɪkə] n. 南极洲 {gk toefl :13217}
brunt [brʌnt] n. 冲击；主要冲力 n. (Brunt)人名；(英)布伦特 {gre :13686}
overwintering ['əʊvəwɪntərɪŋ] vi. 过冬 vt. 过冬 { :26854}
krill [krɪl] n. [无脊椎] 磷虾 n. (Krill)人名；(英、德)克里尔 { :32079}
chinstrap [tʃɪnst'ræp] n. 妇女头巾 { :43085}
生僻词
lce [ ] abbr. 发射控制设备（Launch Control Equipment）
Weddell [ˈwedəl] Sea威德尔海（南极洲的边缘海，在南极半岛同科茨地之间）
词组
air bubble [ ] un. 空气泡；砂眼 [网络] 空气气泡；气泡术；空气气泡监测
bear the brunt [ ] na. 首当其冲 [网络] 承受打击；承受冲击
bear the brunt of [bɛə ðə brʌnt ɔv] [网络] 首当其冲；是首当其冲
bubble trap [ ] un. 磁泡陷阱 [网络] 气泡收集器；除泡器；气泡过滤器
chinstrap penguin [ ] [网络] 颊带企鹅；南极企鹅；带帽企鹅
chinstrap penguins [ ] [网络] 帽带企鹅；带帽企鹅；南极企鹅
floating alga [ ] 浮游藻类
graze on [ɡreiz ɔn] [网络] 吃
huddle together [ ] v. 靠在一起 [网络] 挤作一团；猪群挤在一起；凑成
juvenile form [ ] 幼态
polar bear [ˈpəulə bɛə] n. 北极熊；白熊 [网络] 冬泳者；极地熊；北极熊篇
polar bears [ ] na. 北极熊 [网络] 北极熊的采血点；爱上北极熊；梁伟灏
revert to [ ] v. 恢复 [网络] 回复；恢复为；归还
scrape away [ ] un. 遇到困难；刮除；扒开 [网络] 刮去；刮落；刮净
the antarctic [æn'tɑ:ktɪk] n. 南极地区 [网络] 南极洲；南极区；北极地区
the Arctic [ ] [网络] 北极；北极地区；北极圈
Weddell seal [ ] [网络] 威德尔海豹；威德海豹；威斗海豹
单词释义末尾数字为词频顺序
zk/中考 gk/中考 ky/考研 cet4/四级 cet6/六级 ielts/雅思 toefl/托福 gre/GRE
* 词汇量测试建议用 testyourvocab.com